JLPT N4 grammar list

All 155 grammar points that appear in JLPT N4, ordered by what is easiest to learn rather than by exam section. Open any point for its meaning, usage, two examples, and exercises.

1. 001〜んです／のですit is that ...; explanatory→
2. 002〜ことdoing ...; the act of ...→
3. 003〜の（名詞化）doing ...; nominalizer→
4. 004〜ときwhen ...→
5. 005〜頃／ごろaround; about→
6. 006〜前にbefore ...→
7. 007〜後でafter ...→
8. 008〜てからafter doing ...→
9. 009〜て／で（接続）and; then; because→
10. 010〜間during; while, throughout→
11. 011〜間にwhile; during the time that ...→
12. 012〜までにby; no later than→
13. 013〜おきにevery; at intervals of→
14. 014〜ままas it is; while still ...→
15. 015〜などand so on; such as→
16. 016〜とか〜とかthings like ... and ...→
17. 017〜または〜or; either ... or ...→
18. 018〜の中でamong; out of→
19. 019〜よりthan→
20. 020〜は〜が…はas for ..., but as for ...→
21. 021〜だけでonly with; just by→
22. 022〜ばかりonly; nothing but→
23. 023〜しか〜ないonly; nothing but→
24. 024〜も（数量強調）as many/much as→
25. 025〜ほど〜ないnot as ... as→
26. 026あまり〜ないnot very; not much→
27. 027なかなか〜ないnot easily; not readily→
28. 028全然〜ないnot at all→
29. 029〜ほしいwant something→
30. 030〜てほしいwant someone to do→
31. 031〜たがるto want to do (someone else)→
32. 032〜がる／がっているto show signs of feeling→
33. 033〜がりa person prone to feeling→
34. 034〜が必要to need; to be necessary→
35. 035〜必要があるneed to do→
36. 036〜ことができるcan do→
37. 037〜られる（可能）can do (potential form)→
38. 038〜方way of doing→
39. 039〜やすいeasy to do→
40. 040〜にくいhard to do→
41. 041〜づらいhard to do; painful to do→
42. 042〜すぎるtoo; do too much→
43. 043〜さ-ness; degree of→
44. 044〜くなるbecome (i-adjective)→
45. 045〜になるbecome→
46. 046〜くするto make something ...→
47. 047〜にするto make or choose as ...→
48. 048〜ようになるto come to do; become able to→
49. 049〜ようにするto make an effort to do→
50. 050〜に見えるto look; appear to be→
51. 051〜がするto smell, sound, taste, or feel→
52. 052〜から作るto make from→
53. 053〜てくださいplease do→
54. 054〜ないでくださいplease do not→
55. 055〜ていただけませんかcould you please do→
56. 056お／ご〜くださいplease do (honorific request)→
57. 057〜させてくださいplease let me do→
58. 058〜てもいいmay do; it is okay to do→
59. 059〜てはいけないmust not do→
60. 060〜なくてもいいdo not have to do→
61. 061〜なければならないmust; have to→
62. 062〜なければいけないmust; need to→
63. 063〜なくてはならないmust; cannot do without→
64. 064〜なくてはいけないmust; have to→
65. 065〜ないといけないhave to; need to→
66. 066〜なさいdo; please do→
67. 067〜なdo not→
68. 068命令形imperative form→
69. 069〜た方がいいhad better; should→
70. 070〜ない方がいいhad better not; should not→
71. 071〜たらどうwhy don't you; how about→
72. 072〜たらいいですかwhat should I do; is it good if→
73. 073〜てみるtry doing→
74. 074〜ておくdo in advance; leave as is→
75. 075〜てあるhas been done; is done→
76. 076〜てしまう／ちゃうto end up doing; to do completely→
77. 077〜ていくto go on doing; to move away after doing→
78. 078〜てくるto come doing; to become over time→
79. 079〜ているところin the middle of doing→
80. 080〜ていたwas doing; had been in a state→
81. 081〜てよかったI am glad that; it was good to→
82. 082〜てすみませんI'm sorry for doing→
83. 083〜てあげるto do something for someone→
84. 084〜てくれるto do something for me/us→
85. 085〜てもらうto have someone do something for you→
86. 086〜てやるto do for someone lower or close→
87. 087〜てもeven if; even though→
88. 088〜たらif; when→
89. 089〜ばif→
90. 090〜ならif it is; as for→
91. 091〜と（条件）when/if; once (natural result)→
92. 092〜場合はin the case that; if→
93. 093〜しand; what's more; since→
94. 094〜のでbecause; since→
95. 095〜ためにin order to; for the purpose of→
96. 096〜ように（目的）so that; in order that→
97. 097〜のに（目的）for doing; to do→
98. 098〜のに（逆接）although; even though→
99. 099〜のは〜だwhat/who/when ... is ...→
100. 100〜予定だbe scheduled/planned to→
101. 101〜つもりだintend to; plan to→
102. 102〜ことにするdecide to→
103. 103〜ことになるit is decided that; end up doing→
104. 104〜ようと思うthink I will; intend to→
105. 105意向形let's; I will (volitional form)→
106. 106〜始めるto start doing→
107. 107〜出すto suddenly start doing→
108. 108〜続けるto keep doing→
109. 109〜終わるto finish doing→
110. 110〜ことがあるthere are times when→
111. 111〜たことがある／ないhave/have never done→
112. 112〜ところjust about to do→
113. 113〜たところjust did; when/after doing→
114. 114〜たばかりjust did; only recently did→
115. 115〜と思うto think that→
116. 116〜と言うto say that→
117. 117〜というcalled; named→
118. 118〜ということthe fact that; it means that→
119. 119〜と言っているis saying; says that→
120. 120〜と言われているit is said that→
121. 121〜と聞いたheard that→
122. 122〜ってthat; as for (casual)→
123. 123〜かどうかwhether or not→
124. 124〜かもしれないmight; may→
125. 125〜でしょうprobably; will likely→
126. 126〜はずだshould; be expected to→
127. 127〜はずがないcannot be; there is no way→
128. 128〜らしいapparently; seems→
129. 129〜ようだseems; looks like→
130. 130〜ようなlike; similar to (modifying a noun)→
131. 131〜ように（様態）like; in the way that→
132. 132〜みたいだlooks like; seems like→
133. 133〜みたいなlike; similar to (casual noun modifier)→
134. 134〜みたいにlike; in the way that (casual adverbial)→
135. 135〜そうだ（様態）looks; seems likely→
136. 136〜そうなseeming; likely to (modifying a noun)→
137. 137〜そうにseemingly; in a ... way→
138. 138〜そうだ（伝聞）I hear that; it is said that→
139. 139〜かなI wonder if; maybe→
140. 140〜かしらI wonder if (soft)→
141. 141〜かいcasual question; is it? / do you?→
142. 142〜じゃないかisn't it; don't you think→
143. 143〜ではないかisn't it; is it not→
144. 144〜と言ってもいいit is fair to say that→
145. 145他動詞／自動詞transitive and intransitive verbs→
146. 146受身形passive form; be done to→
147. 147〜させるmake or let someone do→
148. 148〜させられるbe made to do→
149. 149お／ご〜になるhonorific form; do respectfully→
150. 150お／ご〜するhumble form; I/we do→
151. 151〜ございますthere is/are (polite)→
152. 152〜でございますto be (very polite)→
153. 153〜いらっしゃるto be/go/come (honorific)→
154. 154〜なさるto do (honorific)→
155. 155〜いたす／いたしますto do / will do (humble)→